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Signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins are latent transcription factors that are activated by phosphorylation via tyrosine kinases. Over 35 different extracellular polypeptides activate Janus kinase associated receptors, leading to phosphorylation of Janus kinases and the subsequent phosphorylation of STAT proteins. Upon phosphorylation, the STAT proteins dimerize and migrate to the nucleus where they exert transcriptional activation. Phosphorylation of a single tyrosine localized around residue 700 is crucial for activation of each STAT family member. STAT1 is involved in the activation of IFNα and IFNγ genes, STAT2 in the activation of IFNα genes, STAT4 and STAT6 in T-helper cell development and STAT5 in milk production. Disruption of STAT functions in mouse leads to several defects such as immune deficiency (STAT1), embryonic lethality (STAT2), lack of gastrulation (STAT3), T-helper 1 cell dysfunction (STAT4), lack of lactation (STAT5A, 5B) and T-helper 2 cell dysfunction (STAT6). The disruption of STAT signaling blocks neoplastic transformation, thus making inhibitors of STAT proteins candidates for the treatment of cancer.
Contents & Storage
96-well plates for culturing cells, two primary antibodies (1 phospho-specific, 1 specific for native protein), HRP-conjugated secondary antibody, Quenching Solution, 1X Antibody Blocking Buffer, 1X Antibody Dilution Buffer, 10X PBS, 10% Triton X-100, 1% SDS Solution, Developing and Stop Solutions, and Crystal Violet Cell Quantification Solution. Storage conditions vary from room temperature to -20°C, see manual for details. All reagents are guaranteed stable for 6 months when stored properly.
